pH buffer are stable aqueous mixtures of basic and acidic salts that are not completely dissociated and tolerate small additions of acids or bases by shifting the dissociation without a significant change in their nominal value. They have a defined value to which the potential of a pH electrode is compared.
The worldwide valid standard buffer solutions are referred to as “DIN/NIST Buffers” according to DIN or other standardization institutes listed in the corresponding standards with their formulation. The second type of buffers, which is much more common but, unlike DIN/NIST buffers, is subject to manufacturer-dependent formulations, are known as “Technical Buffers”.
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